Finance Calculator

Comprehensive collection of financial calculations for annuities, investments, depreciation, and analysis

Annuity Calculations

Payment (Pmt) Popular
Calculate periodic payment for a loan or annuity
Number of Periods (NPer) Popular
Calculate number of payment periods
Interest Rate (Rate) Popular
Calculate periodic interest rate for an annuity
Interest Payment (IPmt)
Calculate interest portion of a payment
Principal Payment (PPmt)
Calculate principal portion of a payment

Investment Calculations

Future Value (FV) Popular
Calculate investment value at a future date
Present Value (PV) Popular
Calculate initial investment value needed
Net Present Value (NPV)
Calculate investment net present value
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
Calculate investment return rate
Modified Internal Rate of Return (MIRR)
Calculate modified investment return rate

Depreciation Calculations

Straight-Line Depreciation (SLN)
Calculate uniform annual depreciation
Double Declining Balance (DDB)
Calculate accelerated depreciation method
Sum-of-Years Depreciation (SYD)
Calculate sum-of-years-digits depreciation

About Finance Calculations

Financial calculations are essential tools for managing money, making investment decisions, and understanding financial commitments. They are used for:

  • Personal Finance - Loans and savings planning
  • Business - Investment analysis and ROI
  • Banking - Mortgage and loan calculations
  • Accounting - Depreciation and amortization
  • Investment - Return and valuation analysis
  • Corporate Finance - Capital budgeting
Fundamental Financial Concepts
Annuity Concepts
Pmt = PV × [r(1+r)^n] / [(1+r)^n - 1]
For fixed payment calculations
Time Value of Money
FV = PV(1 + r)^n
Future value with compound interest
Investment Analysis
NPV = Σ[CFt / (1+r)^t]
Net present value of cash flows
Depreciation Methods
SLN = (Cost - Salvage) / Life
Annual depreciation expense
Tip: Understanding the time value of money is crucial for all financial calculations. A dollar today is worth more than a dollar tomorrow due to earning potential through investment.

Practical Application Examples

Loans & Mortgages
  • Monthly Payment: Using Pmt function
  • Loan Duration: Using NPer function
  • Interest Rate: Using Rate function
Investment Analysis
  • Future Savings: Using FV function
  • Initial Investment: Using PV function
  • Project Viability: Using NPV function
Asset Management
  • Annual Depreciation: Using SLN function
  • Accelerated Depreciation: Using DDB function
  • Alternative Method: Using SYD function
Payment Breakdown
  • Interest Portion: Using IPmt function
  • Principal Portion: Using PPmt function
  • Amortization Schedule: Combine all functions
Quick Reference
FV = PV(1+r)^n
Future Value
PV = FV/(1+r)^n
Present Value
Pmt = PV × r/(1-1/(1+r)^n)
Payment
SLN = (Cost-Salvage)/Life
Depreciation
NPV = Σ[CFt / (1+r)^t]
Net Present Value