Capacitor Capacitance
Calculator and formulas for calculating the capacitor capacitance
This function calculates the capacitance of a capacitor and the relationship between capacitance, charge and voltage.
To perform the calculation, use the radio button to select which value should be calculated. Then enter the required values and click the 'Calculate' button.
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Description of capacitor capacitance
The capacitance of a capacitor describes its ability to store electrical charge. It is an important parameter for capacitors and is measured in farads (\(F\)). A high capacitance means that the capacitor can store a large amount of electrical charge at a given voltage.
The capacitance of a capacitor (\(C\)) is described by the following formula:
\[\displaystyle C=\frac{Q}{U}\]
Legend
- The unit of measurement for capacitance [C] is Farad (F)
- The unit of measurement for charge [Q] is Coulomb (C)
- The unit of measurement for voltage [U] is Volt (V)
This formula describes the capacitance of an ideal plate capacitor:
\[ C=ε_0 ·ε_r ·\frac{A}{d}\]
Legend
- \(ε_0\) is the electric field constant (8.854 x 10-12 F/m)
- \(ε_r\) is the relative permittivity of the material between the capacitor plates (dielectric constant)
- \(A\) is the area of the capacitor plates in square meters (m²)
- \(d\) is the distance between the plates in meters (m)
Example
Suppose we have a capacitor with the following properties:
- Area of the plates A = 0.01 m²
- Distance between the plates d = 0.001 m (1 mm)
- Dielectric constant of the material εr = 2 (for example for a capacitor with paper as a dielectric)
The formula is then:
\[C=8.854 · 10^{-12}·2 · \frac{0.01}{0.001}=1.7708· 10^{-13}F\]
The capacitance of the capacitor is therefore 177 pF (picofarads).
Formulas for capacitor capacitance
The capacitance (C) is described by the following formula: \[Capacitance =\frac{Charge}{Voltage}\] \[C= \frac{Q}{U}\]
The voltage is calculated:
\[Voltage =\frac{Charge}{Capacitance}\] \[ U= \frac{Q}{C}\]Calculate the charge from voltage (U) and capacitance (C):
\[Charge =Voltage·Capacitance\] \[ Q=U·C\]Battery Capacity
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