Time Conversion Calculator
Calculator and formulas for time units of measurement conversion
Time Unit Calculator
Time Converter
Select the time unit that you know and enter its value. The calculator supports quantum units, standard units, and calendar units.
Time Units - Overview
SI System
1 hour = 60 minutes = 3,600 seconds
Day
24 hours
1,440 min
86,400 sYear
365 days
8,760 h
31,536,000 sQuick Conversions
- 1 minute = 60 seconds
- 1 hour = 60 minutes = 3,600 s
- 1 day = 24 hours = 86,400 s
- 1 week = 7 days = 604,800 s
- 1 year ≈ 365.25 days (Julian)
Standard Units
The second (s) is the SI base unit for time:
- 1 ns (nanosecond) = 10⁻⁹ s
- 1 µs (microsecond) = 10⁻⁶ s
- 1 ms (millisecond) = 10⁻³ s
- 1 s (second) = base unit
- 1 min = 60 s
- 1 h = 3,600 s
Quantum & Atomic Units
Extremely small time units used in physics:
- Planck time (tp): ≈ 5.391 × 10⁻⁴⁴ s
Smallest meaningful time interval in physics - Atomic unit (au): ≈ 2.419 × 10⁻¹⁷ s
Used in atomic and quantum physics
Calendar Units
Time units based on Earth's rotation and orbit:
- Day: 24 hours = 86,400 s
- Week: 7 days = 604,800 s
- Month: Approximately 30 days
- Year (Calendar): 365 days
- Year (Julian): 365.25 days
- Year (Gregorian): 365.2425 days
- Century: 100 years
Calendar Systems
The Julian year (365.25 days) includes leap years every 4 years. The Gregorian year (365.2425 days) is more accurate and skips some leap years (years divisible by 100 but not by 400). This is the calendar system used today.
Time Units of Measurement
Quantum Time Units
Planck Time (tp)
\(\displaystyle t_P=\sqrt{\frac{\hbar G}{c^5}} \approx 5.39116 \cdot 10^{-44}\text{ s}\)
The Planck time describes the smallest possible time interval for which the known laws of physics are valid. It is derived from fundamental physical constants.
Atomic Unit (au)
\(\displaystyle t_{au} = 2.418884326 \cdot 10^{-17}\text{ s}\)
The atomic unit of time is used in atomic and quantum physics calculations. It is the time it takes for an electron to orbit the nucleus in the Bohr model.
Standard Time Units
The second is defined by the radiation period of the cesium-133 atom.
Decimal Multiples:\(1\text{ s} = 10^3\text{ ms} = 10^6\text{ µs} = 10^9\text{ ns}\)
\(1\text{ h} = 60\text{ min} = 3{,}600\text{ s}\)
\(1\text{ min} = 60\text{ s}\)
\(1\text{ day} = 24\text{ h} = 1{,}440\text{ min} = 86{,}400\text{ s}\)
Calendar Time Units
1 week = 7 days = 168 hours = 604,800 seconds
1 month ≈ 30 days = 2,592,000 seconds
Note: Actual months vary from 28-31 days
Year Types
year (Calendar) = 365 days = 31,536,000 seconds
Standard year without leap day consideration
year (Julian) = 365.25 days = 31,557,600 seconds
Average year including leap years (1 leap day every 4 years)
year (Gregorian) = 365.2425 days ≈ 31,556,952 seconds
Most accurate calendar year (current calendar system).
Leap years: every 4 years, except century years not divisible by 400.
century (Julian) = 100 year (Julian) = 36,525 days
Comparison Table
| Unit | Symbol | Equivalent in Seconds | Category |
|---|---|---|---|
| Planck time | tp | 5.391 × 10⁻⁴⁴ | Quantum |
| Atomic unit | au | 2.419 × 10⁻¹⁷ | Quantum |
| Nanosecond | ns | 10⁻⁹ | Standard |
| Microsecond | µs | 10⁻⁶ | Standard |
| Millisecond | ms | 10⁻³ | Standard |
| Second | s | 1 | Standard (SI) |
| Minute | min | 60 | Standard |
| Hour | h | 3,600 | Standard |
| Day | d | 86,400 | Calendar |
| Week | wk | 604,800 | Calendar |
| Year (Julian) | y | 31,557,600 | Calendar |
| Year (Gregorian) | y | 31,556,952 | Calendar |
Practical Applications
Computing & Technology:
- CPU clock cycles: nanoseconds
- Network latency: milliseconds
- Response time: seconds
- Timestamps: seconds since epoch
Science & Daily Life:
- Physics experiments: Planck time, atomic units
- Daily schedules: hours, minutes
- Project planning: days, weeks, months
- Historical timescales: years, centuries
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